1 00:00:09,110 --> 00:00:07,349 okay i'm doug richards uh if anybody 2 00:00:12,150 --> 00:00:09,120 wants to email me my email address is 3 00:00:14,390 --> 00:00:12,160 there doug.richards cox.net i'm going to 4 00:00:16,310 --> 00:00:14,400 be talking about weak signal propagation 5 00:00:18,550 --> 00:00:16,320 reporter known as whisper and its 6 00:00:19,429 --> 00:00:18,560 implications for anomalies research 7 00:00:21,429 --> 00:00:19,439 now 8 00:00:24,150 --> 00:00:21,439 this is something that most people who 9 00:00:26,070 --> 00:00:24,160 do it just think of as a way to measure 10 00:00:28,070 --> 00:00:26,080 radio propagation and i'll explain a 11 00:00:29,029 --> 00:00:28,080 little about what that is and then i 12 00:00:30,470 --> 00:00:29,039 will 13 00:00:32,790 --> 00:00:30,480 talk a little bit about how this might 14 00:00:33,990 --> 00:00:32,800 be useful for some anomalies research 15 00:00:35,990 --> 00:00:34,000 because it turns out there's a lot of 16 00:00:38,389 --> 00:00:36,000 overlap in things that you might want to 17 00:00:40,150 --> 00:00:38,399 measure with it and it also offers some 18 00:00:42,229 --> 00:00:40,160 lessons as to 19 00:00:45,990 --> 00:00:42,239 how anomalies could be approached what 20 00:00:50,790 --> 00:00:48,069 is some examples of maps generated by 21 00:00:52,389 --> 00:00:50,800 whisper the one on the left 22 00:00:54,709 --> 00:00:52,399 is a station 23 00:00:57,430 --> 00:00:54,719 at an antarctic research station 24 00:01:00,389 --> 00:00:57,440 and it's all the signals that 25 00:01:02,470 --> 00:01:00,399 are or stations actually receiving him 26 00:01:04,390 --> 00:01:02,480 at a particular moment in time the one 27 00:01:06,149 --> 00:01:04,400 on the right is an example from a couple 28 00:01:07,910 --> 00:01:06,159 days ago of all the stations receiving 29 00:01:09,590 --> 00:01:07,920 me during a 30 00:01:11,350 --> 00:01:09,600 one hour period 31 00:01:13,109 --> 00:01:11,360 so on we go 32 00:01:15,190 --> 00:01:13,119 so what is the weak signal propagation 33 00:01:16,870 --> 00:01:15,200 reporter well it's a signal processing 34 00:01:19,190 --> 00:01:16,880 algorithm for extremely weak radio 35 00:01:21,670 --> 00:01:19,200 signals and there are hundreds of 36 00:01:24,070 --> 00:01:21,680 stations worldwide uploading to this uh 37 00:01:27,030 --> 00:01:24,080 whispernet database and anyone can 38 00:01:28,310 --> 00:01:27,040 download and so i'll explain later that 39 00:01:30,789 --> 00:01:28,320 you don't have to be a ham radio 40 00:01:33,190 --> 00:01:30,799 operator to use the database you do have 41 00:01:34,710 --> 00:01:33,200 to be a ham radio operator to transmit 42 00:01:36,630 --> 00:01:34,720 but you can either use a receiver or 43 00:01:38,950 --> 00:01:36,640 just the internet in order to receive 44 00:01:40,469 --> 00:01:38,960 the database and so this slide here is 45 00:01:41,510 --> 00:01:40,479 an example 46 00:01:43,590 --> 00:01:41,520 of one of the things that you can 47 00:01:45,830 --> 00:01:43,600 download which is a map for any 48 00:01:47,910 --> 00:01:45,840 particular time period of people that 49 00:01:50,069 --> 00:01:47,920 have heard anyone from anywhere and in 50 00:01:51,670 --> 00:01:50,079 this particular one 51 00:01:53,510 --> 00:01:51,680 you can't see me in there but i'm in 52 00:01:54,710 --> 00:01:53,520 virginia beach and these are people that 53 00:01:56,389 --> 00:01:54,720 heard me 54 00:01:58,069 --> 00:01:56,399 in a two-hour interval i'm sorry a 55 00:02:00,230 --> 00:01:58,079 one-hour interval a couple days ago so 56 00:02:01,510 --> 00:02:00,240 it ranges from all the way down in 57 00:02:04,789 --> 00:02:01,520 australia 58 00:02:07,109 --> 00:02:04,799 to brazil to south africa to germany to 59 00:02:09,270 --> 00:02:07,119 the canary islands costa rica 60 00:02:12,150 --> 00:02:09,280 alaska and all over the united states 61 00:02:13,830 --> 00:02:12,160 and so you can use this to measure how 62 00:02:16,070 --> 00:02:13,840 well radio signals are propagating to 63 00:02:18,550 --> 00:02:16,080 any of these locations and that's its 64 00:02:20,470 --> 00:02:18,560 designed purpose so that radio operators 65 00:02:22,630 --> 00:02:20,480 can see for example 66 00:02:24,630 --> 00:02:22,640 yes i have a good path to hawaii right 67 00:02:29,030 --> 00:02:24,640 now or a good path to australia if i 68 00:02:32,869 --> 00:02:31,670 now that's what it's for for radio 69 00:02:35,430 --> 00:02:32,879 question is why is it relevant to 70 00:02:37,910 --> 00:02:35,440 anomalies research well much anomalies 71 00:02:39,830 --> 00:02:37,920 research also tries to detect very weak 72 00:02:43,270 --> 00:02:39,840 signals uh 73 00:02:45,190 --> 00:02:43,280 the whole basis of research into psy is 74 00:02:47,589 --> 00:02:45,200 figuring out statistical ways of taking 75 00:02:49,270 --> 00:02:47,599 an incredibly weak effect and bringing 76 00:02:52,470 --> 00:02:49,280 it up to the point where we can identify 77 00:02:54,070 --> 00:02:52,480 that there's actually something there 78 00:02:55,910 --> 00:02:54,080 some of the global consciousness work i 79 00:02:57,110 --> 00:02:55,920 saw roger nelson give a presentation 80 00:02:59,270 --> 00:02:57,120 last week 81 00:03:01,270 --> 00:02:59,280 and they too have these random number 82 00:03:03,670 --> 00:03:01,280 generators all over the world and the 83 00:03:05,509 --> 00:03:03,680 idea is to use a statistical method to 84 00:03:08,470 --> 00:03:05,519 bring out of this 85 00:03:09,910 --> 00:03:08,480 very very noisy data a signal that shows 86 00:03:11,270 --> 00:03:09,920 that random number generators are 87 00:03:14,309 --> 00:03:11,280 reacting to 88 00:03:16,869 --> 00:03:14,319 various events in the world 89 00:03:19,030 --> 00:03:16,879 another thing that happens is 90 00:03:21,910 --> 00:03:19,040 there's been research looking at effects 91 00:03:22,790 --> 00:03:21,920 of the geomagnetic field on things like 92 00:03:25,509 --> 00:03:22,800 psi 93 00:03:26,949 --> 00:03:25,519 heart rate variability um 94 00:03:28,550 --> 00:03:26,959 all sorts of other physiological 95 00:03:29,830 --> 00:03:28,560 variables that were thought to really 96 00:03:32,550 --> 00:03:29,840 not have anything at all to do with the 97 00:03:34,869 --> 00:03:32,560 earth geomagnetic field and so 98 00:03:37,430 --> 00:03:34,879 again you have very weak signals there 99 00:03:39,990 --> 00:03:37,440 and connections to geomagnetic variables 100 00:03:42,070 --> 00:03:40,000 which is what radio has too 101 00:03:43,990 --> 00:03:42,080 so there's really quite a bit of overlap 102 00:03:45,509 --> 00:03:44,000 in terms of what they're trying to 103 00:03:47,750 --> 00:03:45,519 accomplish with whisper with radio 104 00:03:49,990 --> 00:03:47,760 signals 105 00:03:52,550 --> 00:03:50,000 that are affected by geomagnetic fields 106 00:03:54,550 --> 00:03:52,560 and what's being accomplished with a lot 107 00:03:56,229 --> 00:03:54,560 of anomalies research 108 00:03:57,990 --> 00:03:56,239 now there's a couple things you can do 109 00:03:59,509 --> 00:03:58,000 with whisper one is you can actually 110 00:04:01,589 --> 00:03:59,519 apply it directly to studies of the 111 00:04:03,670 --> 00:04:01,599 effects of the geomagnetic field and 112 00:04:05,270 --> 00:04:03,680 ionospheric resonances on biological 113 00:04:06,710 --> 00:04:05,280 systems and i'll talk a little about 114 00:04:08,949 --> 00:04:06,720 what that would be later 115 00:04:11,429 --> 00:04:08,959 for example uh looking at psi looking at 116 00:04:12,630 --> 00:04:11,439 heart rate variability in relation to 117 00:04:14,390 --> 00:04:12,640 say 118 00:04:15,750 --> 00:04:14,400 a solar storm and what that does to our 119 00:04:17,590 --> 00:04:15,760 ionosphere 120 00:04:19,270 --> 00:04:17,600 and also uh it can provide useful 121 00:04:21,430 --> 00:04:19,280 methodological comparisons to other 122 00:04:23,909 --> 00:04:21,440 studies of very weak signals uh for 123 00:04:25,590 --> 00:04:23,919 example detection of synchronization of 124 00:04:27,990 --> 00:04:25,600 global consciousness detected by random 125 00:04:29,990 --> 00:04:28,000 number generators all over the world 126 00:04:31,990 --> 00:04:30,000 some of the methods used for that could 127 00:04:33,590 --> 00:04:32,000 be applied to having whisper receivers 128 00:04:35,430 --> 00:04:33,600 all over the world trying to pick up 129 00:04:37,430 --> 00:04:35,440 signals so 130 00:04:40,230 --> 00:04:37,440 there ends up being some potential 131 00:04:41,830 --> 00:04:40,240 overlap here not saying that 132 00:04:44,230 --> 00:04:41,840 something like psy or global 133 00:04:45,670 --> 00:04:44,240 consciousness is based on radio signals 134 00:04:47,030 --> 00:04:45,680 but you've got a number of the same 135 00:04:49,430 --> 00:04:47,040 issues and it looks like some of the 136 00:04:50,390 --> 00:04:49,440 same variables such as the geomagnetic 137 00:04:52,950 --> 00:04:50,400 effects 138 00:04:54,150 --> 00:04:52,960 may be relevant to both radio and some 139 00:04:58,550 --> 00:04:54,160 of these more anomalous kinds of 140 00:05:03,029 --> 00:05:01,430 so a little bit about radio signals uh 141 00:05:05,990 --> 00:05:03,039 in the earlier conversations that we 142 00:05:10,390 --> 00:05:08,950 there were some people there who have 143 00:05:12,230 --> 00:05:10,400 some experience with this and actually 144 00:05:13,430 --> 00:05:12,240 also have ham radio licenses like i do 145 00:05:15,830 --> 00:05:13,440 but some of you have probably never 146 00:05:17,990 --> 00:05:15,840 heard of this before and so the idea is 147 00:05:19,830 --> 00:05:18,000 that uh for some radio signals for 148 00:05:21,430 --> 00:05:19,840 example your cell phone it has to be 149 00:05:22,710 --> 00:05:21,440 within line of sight of a cell phone 150 00:05:24,790 --> 00:05:22,720 tower and if you're out of line inside 151 00:05:25,909 --> 00:05:24,800 of the cell phone tower there's no radio 152 00:05:27,990 --> 00:05:25,919 signal 153 00:05:30,629 --> 00:05:28,000 but for other frequencies uh the 154 00:05:32,390 --> 00:05:30,639 frequencies go from the transmitter up 155 00:05:33,670 --> 00:05:32,400 to the ionosphere a couple hundred miles 156 00:05:36,390 --> 00:05:33,680 up in the atmosphere where there are 157 00:05:38,070 --> 00:05:36,400 ions and the ions bounce radio signals 158 00:05:39,430 --> 00:05:38,080 back to the earth then they bounce back 159 00:05:40,310 --> 00:05:39,440 up to the ionosphere and then back to 160 00:05:41,990 --> 00:05:40,320 the earth 161 00:05:42,870 --> 00:05:42,000 and sometimes they can make multiple 162 00:05:44,310 --> 00:05:42,880 hops 163 00:05:45,830 --> 00:05:44,320 and go 164 00:05:47,749 --> 00:05:45,840 actually not only halfway around the 165 00:05:49,270 --> 00:05:47,759 world but all the way around the world 166 00:05:51,270 --> 00:05:49,280 so you can sometimes hear an echo of 167 00:05:53,510 --> 00:05:51,280 your own signal 168 00:05:55,029 --> 00:05:53,520 a few seconds later from having traveled 169 00:05:57,430 --> 00:05:55,039 around the world 170 00:05:59,749 --> 00:05:57,440 now this varies an enormous amount in 171 00:06:01,830 --> 00:05:59,759 terms of what signals can go where at 172 00:06:03,830 --> 00:06:01,840 what times and so the whole purpose of 173 00:06:06,070 --> 00:06:03,840 whisper was to be able to measure this 174 00:06:07,990 --> 00:06:06,080 with a big worldwide network so you'd be 175 00:06:09,110 --> 00:06:08,000 able to figure out ah this would be a 176 00:06:11,110 --> 00:06:09,120 good time 177 00:06:13,990 --> 00:06:11,120 say i want to talk to hawaii or 178 00:06:16,070 --> 00:06:14,000 antarctica that i would be using my 179 00:06:17,990 --> 00:06:16,080 radio on a particular frequency 180 00:06:20,950 --> 00:06:18,000 and you'd use whisper to measure whether 181 00:06:22,390 --> 00:06:20,960 this was a possible thing to do now one 182 00:06:24,550 --> 00:06:22,400 of the major things that affects the 183 00:06:27,270 --> 00:06:24,560 ionosphere and affects the ability of 184 00:06:28,870 --> 00:06:27,280 all this to work is solar radiation 185 00:06:30,950 --> 00:06:28,880 and solar radiation i'm not going to get 186 00:06:33,430 --> 00:06:30,960 into any of the details of 187 00:06:35,590 --> 00:06:33,440 how the sun works today that gets into a 188 00:06:37,430 --> 00:06:35,600 whole complicated area but the idea is 189 00:06:39,590 --> 00:06:37,440 that it affects the ionosphere and can 190 00:06:41,510 --> 00:06:39,600 produce geomagnetic storms and that 191 00:06:43,510 --> 00:06:41,520 changes radio propagation 192 00:06:45,990 --> 00:06:43,520 now that's been known for a long time 193 00:06:47,830 --> 00:06:46,000 but more recently it's been discovered 194 00:06:50,070 --> 00:06:47,840 that if you look at the measures of 195 00:06:52,790 --> 00:06:50,080 geomagnetic storms you also see 196 00:06:54,790 --> 00:06:52,800 correlations with um psi functioning for 197 00:06:57,110 --> 00:06:54,800 example the dream telepathy experiments 198 00:06:58,629 --> 00:06:57,120 of stan kripner and various aspects of 199 00:07:00,790 --> 00:06:58,639 human physiology like heart rate 200 00:07:03,029 --> 00:07:00,800 variability so it looks like some of the 201 00:07:05,589 --> 00:07:03,039 same factors are affecting 202 00:07:07,110 --> 00:07:05,599 not only radio signals but are affecting 203 00:07:09,110 --> 00:07:07,120 some of the more anomalous phenomena 204 00:07:11,029 --> 00:07:09,120 that we want to look at and so a system 205 00:07:13,350 --> 00:07:11,039 that can measure what's going on might 206 00:07:18,230 --> 00:07:13,360 be quite useful for anomalies research 207 00:07:21,990 --> 00:07:19,589 so 208 00:07:22,950 --> 00:07:22,000 how does whisper work well the challenge 209 00:07:24,390 --> 00:07:22,960 is 210 00:07:26,790 --> 00:07:24,400 you've got some very low and 211 00:07:28,950 --> 00:07:26,800 uncontrollable signature to noise ratios 212 00:07:30,390 --> 00:07:28,960 and long distance radio communication 213 00:07:32,230 --> 00:07:30,400 now that's in contrast to lab 214 00:07:33,749 --> 00:07:32,240 experiments 215 00:07:35,589 --> 00:07:33,759 where the signals noise ratios are 216 00:07:36,790 --> 00:07:35,599 higher they can be controlled but it's 217 00:07:39,749 --> 00:07:36,800 very similar to issues in sci 218 00:07:44,790 --> 00:07:42,309 so what a physicist will do is do a lot 219 00:07:47,189 --> 00:07:44,800 of work to eliminate all sources of 220 00:07:49,430 --> 00:07:47,199 noise the trouble with the real world is 221 00:07:50,950 --> 00:07:49,440 that you can't do that and so radio is a 222 00:07:53,670 --> 00:07:50,960 great example where you're basically 223 00:07:55,029 --> 00:07:53,680 stuck with whatever kind of noise is out 224 00:07:56,070 --> 00:07:55,039 there 225 00:07:59,589 --> 00:07:56,080 and 226 00:08:02,150 --> 00:07:59,599 you have to somehow deal with that noise 227 00:08:03,830 --> 00:08:02,160 and the solution for radio was developed 228 00:08:05,589 --> 00:08:03,840 by a physicist named joe taylor at 229 00:08:07,990 --> 00:08:05,599 princeton university he won the nobel 230 00:08:10,070 --> 00:08:08,000 prize and is a radio astronomer and a 231 00:08:11,909 --> 00:08:10,080 physicist and what he uses is something 232 00:08:13,990 --> 00:08:11,919 called forward error correction and 233 00:08:16,070 --> 00:08:14,000 other signal processing techniques to 234 00:08:18,309 --> 00:08:16,080 make possible decoding of signals about 235 00:08:20,070 --> 00:08:18,319 negative 31 decibels below the noise 236 00:08:21,830 --> 00:08:20,080 level now for those who aren't engineers 237 00:08:24,790 --> 00:08:21,840 that may sound meaningless but it's 238 00:08:27,350 --> 00:08:24,800 basically what allows you to have 239 00:08:28,550 --> 00:08:27,360 error-free internet communication and a 240 00:08:31,350 --> 00:08:28,560 lot of other sort cell phone 241 00:08:32,790 --> 00:08:31,360 communication the difference is 242 00:08:35,029 --> 00:08:32,800 that your 243 00:08:36,949 --> 00:08:35,039 internet and cell phone communication 244 00:08:39,269 --> 00:08:36,959 still have to have a pretty low noise 245 00:08:41,029 --> 00:08:39,279 level to work whereas what taylor did is 246 00:08:44,070 --> 00:08:41,039 he came up with a system 247 00:08:46,230 --> 00:08:44,080 which by using fairly long blocks of 248 00:08:48,790 --> 00:08:46,240 signals and a number of other signal 249 00:08:51,509 --> 00:08:48,800 processing processing techniques made it 250 00:08:53,670 --> 00:08:51,519 possible to actually decode signals that 251 00:08:55,590 --> 00:08:53,680 are so far below the noise that if you 252 00:08:57,590 --> 00:08:55,600 listen to them on the radio all you hear 253 00:08:59,590 --> 00:08:57,600 is noise there's just absolutely nothing 254 00:09:02,150 --> 00:08:59,600 there as far as you can tell 255 00:09:03,910 --> 00:09:02,160 but by this various types of signal 256 00:09:06,389 --> 00:09:03,920 processing it's able to actually pull 257 00:09:07,269 --> 00:09:06,399 the signal up out of the noise 258 00:09:08,790 --> 00:09:07,279 so 259 00:09:10,470 --> 00:09:08,800 what he then did is he released his 260 00:09:11,910 --> 00:09:10,480 software for free 261 00:09:13,990 --> 00:09:11,920 and 262 00:09:15,990 --> 00:09:14,000 you can download it on your computer 263 00:09:18,470 --> 00:09:16,000 and this uses the regular ham radio 264 00:09:20,790 --> 00:09:18,480 bands a very very tiny section of each 265 00:09:23,829 --> 00:09:20,800 ham radio band and ham stations around 266 00:09:26,310 --> 00:09:23,839 the world transmit and receive signals 267 00:09:28,150 --> 00:09:26,320 and when they spot signals of received 268 00:09:29,590 --> 00:09:28,160 signals they then upload them on the 269 00:09:32,790 --> 00:09:29,600 internet to what's called whispernet 270 00:09:37,030 --> 00:09:34,150 and then whispering that data can be 271 00:09:38,470 --> 00:09:37,040 downloaded and analyzed by anyone 272 00:09:40,389 --> 00:09:38,480 so this is not just something that ham 273 00:09:42,230 --> 00:09:40,399 radio operators can use but it's 274 00:09:43,670 --> 00:09:42,240 something that anyone can use 275 00:09:45,269 --> 00:09:43,680 and 276 00:09:48,230 --> 00:09:45,279 there's actually a group now based out 277 00:09:49,190 --> 00:09:48,240 of the university of scranton 278 00:09:51,509 --> 00:09:49,200 where 279 00:09:53,190 --> 00:09:51,519 uh one fellow did his dissertation 280 00:09:56,630 --> 00:09:53,200 looking at 281 00:09:58,550 --> 00:09:56,640 thousands of uh of data points and 282 00:10:00,550 --> 00:09:58,560 seeing how whisper responded to various 283 00:10:02,790 --> 00:10:00,560 kinds of solar storms 284 00:10:03,590 --> 00:10:02,800 so anyone can download the data 285 00:10:05,350 --> 00:10:03,600 so 286 00:10:07,750 --> 00:10:05,360 what's this for well as i said the 287 00:10:10,710 --> 00:10:07,760 intended application of whisper 288 00:10:12,230 --> 00:10:10,720 is to explore effects of uh 289 00:10:14,230 --> 00:10:12,240 these various phenomena on radio 290 00:10:15,910 --> 00:10:14,240 propagation so for example one of the 291 00:10:18,230 --> 00:10:15,920 major things that affects radio 292 00:10:19,910 --> 00:10:18,240 propagation is geomagnetic field 293 00:10:21,910 --> 00:10:19,920 variability 294 00:10:23,750 --> 00:10:21,920 and classically the idea is that when 295 00:10:25,990 --> 00:10:23,760 you have a geomagnetic storm 296 00:10:27,750 --> 00:10:26,000 radio propagation gets very badly messed 297 00:10:29,990 --> 00:10:27,760 up well it turns out and i've been 298 00:10:32,870 --> 00:10:30,000 running whisper 24 hours a day for about 299 00:10:34,870 --> 00:10:32,880 a year to get a good baseline 300 00:10:36,710 --> 00:10:34,880 that's not necessarily true sometimes 301 00:10:38,710 --> 00:10:36,720 you actually get enhanced propagation in 302 00:10:40,389 --> 00:10:38,720 a geomagnetic storm in the middle of the 303 00:10:41,829 --> 00:10:40,399 night when there's nobody on except for 304 00:10:43,350 --> 00:10:41,839 the people who keep their whisper 305 00:10:44,949 --> 00:10:43,360 transmitters running and so you'll find 306 00:10:46,150 --> 00:10:44,959 that at three in the morning all of a 307 00:10:51,590 --> 00:10:46,160 sudden 308 00:10:53,829 --> 00:10:51,600 some very good uh 309 00:10:54,949 --> 00:10:53,839 reception all the way down in antarctica 310 00:10:56,630 --> 00:10:54,959 and so some of these are very 311 00:10:57,990 --> 00:10:56,640 unpredictable 312 00:11:00,150 --> 00:10:58,000 because people are running these 313 00:11:01,350 --> 00:11:00,160 stations all the time you detect things 314 00:11:02,949 --> 00:11:01,360 that people wouldn't have detected 315 00:11:04,790 --> 00:11:02,959 otherwise 316 00:11:06,069 --> 00:11:04,800 time of day is another variable for 317 00:11:07,910 --> 00:11:06,079 example the band that i've been using 318 00:11:09,350 --> 00:11:07,920 what's called the 20 meter band is 319 00:11:12,870 --> 00:11:09,360 generally very good for long distance 320 00:11:14,470 --> 00:11:12,880 during the day and useless at night 321 00:11:16,389 --> 00:11:14,480 i'm finding actually that at times it 322 00:11:19,269 --> 00:11:16,399 works very well at night but it's kind 323 00:11:22,389 --> 00:11:19,279 of sporadic and we're not quite sure why 324 00:11:23,430 --> 00:11:22,399 sunspots have a huge effect on it 325 00:11:25,350 --> 00:11:23,440 we are now 326 00:11:27,670 --> 00:11:25,360 ending a sunspot minimum where there 327 00:11:30,550 --> 00:11:27,680 were basically no sunspots and slowly 328 00:11:33,350 --> 00:11:30,560 climbing into the range of high sunspots 329 00:11:34,949 --> 00:11:33,360 an 11 year cycle so in about 2025 330 00:11:36,790 --> 00:11:34,959 they're expecting there to be a high in 331 00:11:40,230 --> 00:11:36,800 the sunspot cycle and that generally 332 00:11:42,870 --> 00:11:40,240 causes extremely good radio propagation 333 00:11:45,190 --> 00:11:42,880 now we don't know what effect that has 334 00:11:47,990 --> 00:11:45,200 on psychic functioning for example but 335 00:11:49,750 --> 00:11:48,000 there's certainly uh some good data on a 336 00:11:51,350 --> 00:11:49,760 number of other physiological variables 337 00:11:52,310 --> 00:11:51,360 that suggest sunspots can affect them 338 00:11:54,550 --> 00:11:52,320 too 339 00:11:56,870 --> 00:11:54,560 time of year has a major effect 340 00:11:59,030 --> 00:11:56,880 sidereal time that is star time may have 341 00:12:01,030 --> 00:11:59,040 an effect on 342 00:12:04,310 --> 00:12:01,040 radio propagation and it looks like it 343 00:12:06,710 --> 00:12:04,320 also has an effect on psi based on 344 00:12:08,069 --> 00:12:06,720 some studies that have been done so 345 00:12:10,230 --> 00:12:08,079 these same variables that whisper is 346 00:12:13,190 --> 00:12:10,240 measuring may affect human behavior and 347 00:12:15,110 --> 00:12:13,200 rhythms including psi and health 348 00:12:16,710 --> 00:12:15,120 the big advantage of whisper is that 349 00:12:18,790 --> 00:12:16,720 whisper is able to make fine-grained 350 00:12:21,030 --> 00:12:18,800 measurements much finer than what are 351 00:12:22,629 --> 00:12:21,040 called the k index and a index 352 00:12:25,269 --> 00:12:22,639 and again most you probably don't know 353 00:12:28,310 --> 00:12:25,279 what those are but these are ways of 354 00:12:29,350 --> 00:12:28,320 measuring geomagnetic storms 355 00:12:32,310 --> 00:12:29,360 and 356 00:12:33,990 --> 00:12:32,320 they are done in three hour intervals 357 00:12:36,069 --> 00:12:34,000 and so the finest grain you can get is 358 00:12:38,790 --> 00:12:36,079 within three hours 359 00:12:40,870 --> 00:12:38,800 whisper is typically running a signal 360 00:12:43,590 --> 00:12:40,880 every 10 minutes you can actually set it 361 00:12:45,590 --> 00:12:43,600 to run a signal every two minutes 362 00:12:47,190 --> 00:12:45,600 although that tends to clog up the band 363 00:12:49,190 --> 00:12:47,200 a little bit so most people only run it 364 00:12:51,269 --> 00:12:49,200 every 10 minutes to allow more space for 365 00:12:52,870 --> 00:12:51,279 more stations but you can actually get 366 00:12:53,910 --> 00:12:52,880 measurements as fine grained as every 367 00:12:56,150 --> 00:12:53,920 two minutes 368 00:12:58,710 --> 00:12:56,160 instead of every three hours 369 00:13:01,110 --> 00:12:58,720 so for example if you were running a sci 370 00:13:03,750 --> 00:13:01,120 experiment you could actually look uh 371 00:13:05,190 --> 00:13:03,760 every two minutes and perhaps pick up 372 00:13:07,590 --> 00:13:05,200 some effects that you wouldn't otherwise 373 00:13:09,750 --> 00:13:07,600 be able to see whereas in the past 374 00:13:11,590 --> 00:13:09,760 people have used what are known as the k 375 00:13:13,829 --> 00:13:11,600 or a index there's another one called 376 00:13:15,509 --> 00:13:13,839 the a a index and they're basically all 377 00:13:16,790 --> 00:13:15,519 measuring the same thing 378 00:13:18,790 --> 00:13:16,800 and 379 00:13:21,350 --> 00:13:18,800 again are not very fine grain they're 380 00:13:23,190 --> 00:13:21,360 also not very fine-grained in terms of 381 00:13:24,230 --> 00:13:23,200 spatial locations there are only a few 382 00:13:26,389 --> 00:13:24,240 stations 383 00:13:27,990 --> 00:13:26,399 around the world that measure these the 384 00:13:29,430 --> 00:13:28,000 nearest to me in virginia beach is in 385 00:13:32,230 --> 00:13:29,440 fredericksburg virginia there's another 386 00:13:35,030 --> 00:13:32,240 one in boulder colorado but there are 387 00:13:37,430 --> 00:13:35,040 whisper stations all over the place and 388 00:13:39,110 --> 00:13:37,440 so you can maybe have a much finer 389 00:13:43,030 --> 00:13:39,120 spatial measurement as well as time 390 00:13:48,870 --> 00:13:45,670 so how do i do it well i'm a ham radio 391 00:13:51,670 --> 00:13:48,880 operator my call sign is kn for nbi 392 00:13:53,110 --> 00:13:51,680 and what i do is i send out a signal 393 00:13:54,710 --> 00:13:53,120 this is all computer controlled so i 394 00:13:56,310 --> 00:13:54,720 don't have to sit here and do it but i 395 00:13:58,310 --> 00:13:56,320 send out a signal once every 10 minutes 396 00:14:00,710 --> 00:13:58,320 that's received all over the world 397 00:14:02,470 --> 00:14:00,720 and everyone whose radio hears me 398 00:14:03,910 --> 00:14:02,480 their radio automatically uploads a 399 00:14:06,069 --> 00:14:03,920 report to an internet site called 400 00:14:08,310 --> 00:14:06,079 whispernet and then i can download and 401 00:14:10,389 --> 00:14:08,320 analyze the data for myself or i can 402 00:14:11,269 --> 00:14:10,399 analyze the data for any other station 403 00:14:12,949 --> 00:14:11,279 uh 404 00:14:15,110 --> 00:14:12,959 who's part of the network 405 00:14:16,470 --> 00:14:15,120 so if you look at the pictures there uh 406 00:14:19,910 --> 00:14:16,480 on the bottom 407 00:14:21,910 --> 00:14:19,920 it's got me in virginia beach kn for nbi 408 00:14:24,150 --> 00:14:21,920 and in this particular analysis all i 409 00:14:27,509 --> 00:14:24,160 looked at was 410 00:14:29,430 --> 00:14:27,519 how a fellow out in oregon kk 6pr was 411 00:14:31,269 --> 00:14:29,440 hearing my signal and that's what's on 412 00:14:33,590 --> 00:14:31,279 the right and what you can see there 413 00:14:35,670 --> 00:14:33,600 that's basically an entire day 414 00:14:39,430 --> 00:14:35,680 he couldn't hear me at all at night 415 00:14:41,910 --> 00:14:39,440 but around 1700 universal time there's a 416 00:14:44,150 --> 00:14:41,920 big peak and another one around i think 417 00:14:46,230 --> 00:14:44,160 it says 2300 universal time so in other 418 00:14:47,750 --> 00:14:46,240 words those two peaks 419 00:14:49,750 --> 00:14:47,760 are where 420 00:14:51,509 --> 00:14:49,760 he would have gotten the best reception 421 00:14:54,790 --> 00:14:51,519 of my signal and then in the middle of 422 00:14:56,389 --> 00:14:54,800 the day it's uh it's pretty iffy and so 423 00:14:58,389 --> 00:14:56,399 this is the sort of plot that you could 424 00:15:00,550 --> 00:14:58,399 get but you can get this 425 00:15:01,430 --> 00:15:00,560 with averages for two weeks you can get 426 00:15:03,910 --> 00:15:01,440 it 427 00:15:06,470 --> 00:15:03,920 10 minutes by 10 minutes or you can get 428 00:15:08,870 --> 00:15:06,480 it every two minutes again if you uh if 429 00:15:10,150 --> 00:15:08,880 you need that kind of fine grain detail 430 00:15:12,389 --> 00:15:10,160 and 431 00:15:14,870 --> 00:15:12,399 you could then average if i wanted to 432 00:15:16,949 --> 00:15:14,880 say all the stations in oregon or all 433 00:15:19,750 --> 00:15:16,959 the stations on the west coast or let's 434 00:15:22,150 --> 00:15:19,760 say i wanted to do an experiment uh 435 00:15:23,910 --> 00:15:22,160 with somebody who's sitting in a 436 00:15:26,310 --> 00:15:23,920 research station in antarctica who 437 00:15:28,389 --> 00:15:26,320 wanted to do a psy experiment 438 00:15:30,710 --> 00:15:28,399 i could look at the path to antarctica 439 00:15:32,949 --> 00:15:30,720 and see what was happening in terms of 440 00:15:34,470 --> 00:15:32,959 radio reception the geomagnetic field 441 00:15:36,550 --> 00:15:34,480 and compare that to what was going on 442 00:15:39,350 --> 00:15:36,560 with the psy experiment so that's how i 443 00:15:41,670 --> 00:15:40,790 now here's what my whisper station looks 444 00:15:44,870 --> 00:15:41,680 like 445 00:15:46,230 --> 00:15:44,880 on the left is my commercial transceiver 446 00:15:47,670 --> 00:15:46,240 which uh 447 00:15:49,110 --> 00:15:47,680 looks really fancy but actually it's 448 00:15:50,550 --> 00:15:49,120 kind of a low end one you don't need a 449 00:15:51,350 --> 00:15:50,560 really fancy one 450 00:15:52,550 --> 00:15:51,360 uh 451 00:15:55,910 --> 00:15:52,560 but you don't have to have a big one 452 00:15:58,790 --> 00:15:55,920 like that on the right is actually a 453 00:16:00,150 --> 00:15:58,800 kit that i uh just finished building and 454 00:16:01,910 --> 00:16:00,160 it's a little tiny one you can hold in 455 00:16:03,990 --> 00:16:01,920 your hand and you can take anywhere hook 456 00:16:05,110 --> 00:16:04,000 it up to an antenna and send a whisper 457 00:16:07,350 --> 00:16:05,120 signal so you don't need the big 458 00:16:10,230 --> 00:16:07,360 elaborate transceiver 459 00:16:11,829 --> 00:16:10,240 and as i'll show you in order to receive 460 00:16:13,350 --> 00:16:11,839 you don't need a hand license at all and 461 00:16:15,030 --> 00:16:13,360 to use the internet site you don't even 462 00:16:16,389 --> 00:16:15,040 have to know anything about radio as 463 00:16:17,670 --> 00:16:16,399 long as you have some idea of what you 464 00:16:19,829 --> 00:16:17,680 want to analyze but this is what i'm 465 00:16:21,509 --> 00:16:19,839 using right now and mine in fact is 466 00:16:22,870 --> 00:16:21,519 running right here on the laptop 467 00:16:25,189 --> 00:16:22,880 computer at the same time as i do in 468 00:16:29,749 --> 00:16:25,199 this powerpoint so uh 469 00:16:33,430 --> 00:16:31,350 and this is what happens when you then 470 00:16:35,110 --> 00:16:33,440 sign on to whispernet and so i did this 471 00:16:36,790 --> 00:16:35,120 on 472 00:16:38,710 --> 00:16:36,800 february 22nd a little earlier in the 473 00:16:40,470 --> 00:16:38,720 week uh in the middle of the day for 474 00:16:41,990 --> 00:16:40,480 about an hour and this is part of the 475 00:16:44,550 --> 00:16:42,000 download and what it's showing is the 476 00:16:45,990 --> 00:16:44,560 time what the frequency was the signal 477 00:16:48,710 --> 00:16:46,000 the noise ratio and a bunch of other 478 00:16:52,870 --> 00:16:48,720 data and who was hearing me so 479 00:16:55,910 --> 00:16:52,880 um a station in hawaii ai6vn kh6 heard 480 00:16:59,030 --> 00:16:55,920 me once ea bfk and the canary islands 481 00:17:02,150 --> 00:16:59,040 heard me a bunch of times uh k4cod in 482 00:17:03,350 --> 00:17:02,160 alabama heard me k5xl in texas heard me 483 00:17:05,429 --> 00:17:03,360 and so this 484 00:17:07,590 --> 00:17:05,439 shows the signal strength the distance 485 00:17:09,909 --> 00:17:07,600 the azimuth uh you can pull a lot of 486 00:17:12,390 --> 00:17:09,919 information out of this and this is just 487 00:17:16,949 --> 00:17:12,400 a piece of um in that particular hour 488 00:17:18,150 --> 00:17:16,959 there were 123 spots of my signal um 489 00:17:19,750 --> 00:17:18,160 and you may wonder well how do i know 490 00:17:21,429 --> 00:17:19,760 where these folks are there's another 491 00:17:23,350 --> 00:17:21,439 website where you can look up any call 492 00:17:24,789 --> 00:17:23,360 sign in the world and find out where 493 00:17:26,630 --> 00:17:24,799 they are and often they'll post 494 00:17:29,669 --> 00:17:26,640 information about what they're doing so 495 00:17:31,350 --> 00:17:29,679 on my page on what's called qrz.com 496 00:17:33,270 --> 00:17:31,360 i mention how i do whisper experiments 497 00:17:35,190 --> 00:17:33,280 on 20 meters and some of these will show 498 00:17:37,430 --> 00:17:35,200 pictures of their big antenna farms or 499 00:17:39,190 --> 00:17:37,440 their little antenna farms my antenna is 500 00:17:40,390 --> 00:17:39,200 a wire over the garage so it's not very 501 00:17:42,230 --> 00:17:40,400 elaborate because you don't really need 502 00:17:44,390 --> 00:17:42,240 an elaborate setup but this is what you 503 00:17:47,029 --> 00:17:44,400 would get and then you can 504 00:17:49,190 --> 00:17:47,039 process this in any statistics program 505 00:17:50,710 --> 00:17:49,200 i just use excel right now to process my 506 00:17:54,070 --> 00:17:50,720 data but i may get more sophisticated 507 00:17:57,190 --> 00:17:55,909 and this is a map i think i showed this 508 00:18:00,230 --> 00:17:57,200 well i showed one map this is a 509 00:18:02,950 --> 00:18:00,240 different map this is a map of that same 510 00:18:04,710 --> 00:18:02,960 hour back on the 22nd showing everybody 511 00:18:07,590 --> 00:18:04,720 that heard me again it ranges from on 512 00:18:09,990 --> 00:18:07,600 the left there a fellow in hawaii to on 513 00:18:11,990 --> 00:18:10,000 the right there's one in austria and one 514 00:18:15,190 --> 00:18:12,000 in the canary islands 515 00:18:16,950 --> 00:18:15,200 and there is one down in costa rica 516 00:18:18,789 --> 00:18:16,960 and then right in the middle you don't 517 00:18:21,110 --> 00:18:18,799 see my call sign but you see a call sign 518 00:18:23,110 --> 00:18:21,120 n4wqh 519 00:18:24,070 --> 00:18:23,120 that's a fellow who's about 10 miles 520 00:18:25,990 --> 00:18:24,080 away 521 00:18:27,750 --> 00:18:26,000 and he can hear me on what's called 522 00:18:29,510 --> 00:18:27,760 ground wave without it bouncing off the 523 00:18:30,950 --> 00:18:29,520 ionosphere which is a really good 524 00:18:32,950 --> 00:18:30,960 control 525 00:18:34,789 --> 00:18:32,960 for just the general noise that's out 526 00:18:36,310 --> 00:18:34,799 there and so 527 00:18:37,990 --> 00:18:36,320 theoretically my signal should be 528 00:18:39,909 --> 00:18:38,000 absolutely steady at his station but 529 00:18:41,510 --> 00:18:39,919 it's not and so i can actually control 530 00:18:43,830 --> 00:18:41,520 for the noise level and that can be 531 00:18:45,909 --> 00:18:43,840 helpful and i think maybe the next slide 532 00:18:47,350 --> 00:18:45,919 shows that so this is a typical map you 533 00:18:49,750 --> 00:18:47,360 can get again you can set all kinds of 534 00:18:51,830 --> 00:18:49,760 different time periods um who you're 535 00:18:54,070 --> 00:18:51,840 listening to who's listening to you and 536 00:18:56,310 --> 00:18:54,080 any combination of that so you could 537 00:18:57,669 --> 00:18:56,320 pick up just who happens to be there but 538 00:18:59,830 --> 00:18:57,679 if you were doing a specific kind of 539 00:19:01,590 --> 00:18:59,840 anomalies experiment you might arrange 540 00:19:04,789 --> 00:19:01,600 with someone 541 00:19:07,029 --> 00:19:04,799 again let's say i was studying uh psy 542 00:19:09,029 --> 00:19:07,039 and there was an experiment here 543 00:19:10,470 --> 00:19:09,039 and the receiver 544 00:19:12,870 --> 00:19:10,480 in a remote viewing experiment with 545 00:19:14,549 --> 00:19:12,880 someone in california he might be in a 546 00:19:17,430 --> 00:19:14,559 park a state park there near san 547 00:19:20,310 --> 00:19:17,440 francisco where kfs is if you look over 548 00:19:21,669 --> 00:19:20,320 there on the left and we'd have a radio 549 00:19:23,830 --> 00:19:21,679 link there and be measuring radio 550 00:19:27,750 --> 00:19:23,840 propagation at the same time as looking 551 00:19:31,430 --> 00:19:29,990 now this is an example uh this person 552 00:19:34,789 --> 00:19:31,440 happens to be 553 00:19:39,510 --> 00:19:37,190 so what i'm measuring here is not what's 554 00:19:41,510 --> 00:19:39,520 bouncing off the ionosphere uh in terms 555 00:19:42,710 --> 00:19:41,520 of my signal but what it's actually 556 00:19:44,470 --> 00:19:42,720 measuring is the noise that's 557 00:19:47,350 --> 00:19:44,480 interfering with my signal at his 558 00:19:49,029 --> 00:19:47,360 station a few miles away over 24 hours 559 00:19:51,190 --> 00:19:49,039 and i have an arrow there for sunrise 560 00:19:53,190 --> 00:19:51,200 and an error there for sunset and so you 561 00:19:55,830 --> 00:19:53,200 can see that in the night there isn't 562 00:19:58,070 --> 00:19:55,840 very much variability in my signal 563 00:20:00,310 --> 00:19:58,080 strength at his station and in general 564 00:20:02,230 --> 00:20:00,320 at night the 20 meter band there's no 565 00:20:04,470 --> 00:20:02,240 ionospheric propagation at all although 566 00:20:06,789 --> 00:20:04,480 that's not totally true 567 00:20:08,310 --> 00:20:06,799 whereas a little bit after sunrise not 568 00:20:10,870 --> 00:20:08,320 only you start picking up stations 569 00:20:13,750 --> 00:20:10,880 around the us but also you start picking 570 00:20:16,630 --> 00:20:13,760 up ionospherically uh reflected noise 571 00:20:18,870 --> 00:20:16,640 from around the u.s and so 572 00:20:21,350 --> 00:20:18,880 as the dots get wider in spacing more 573 00:20:23,590 --> 00:20:21,360 variable and get lower 574 00:20:26,070 --> 00:20:23,600 without showing as my signal to noise 575 00:20:28,310 --> 00:20:26,080 ratio at his station is worse and much 576 00:20:30,310 --> 00:20:28,320 more variable and that continues all day 577 00:20:31,909 --> 00:20:30,320 until a little bit after sunset when it 578 00:20:35,590 --> 00:20:31,919 goes back to 579 00:20:38,149 --> 00:20:35,600 a quieter uh radio band and less 580 00:20:39,590 --> 00:20:38,159 variability and so this is a control so 581 00:20:42,149 --> 00:20:39,600 we could see how much of this is just 582 00:20:43,430 --> 00:20:42,159 due to noise and how much of it's due to 583 00:20:45,110 --> 00:20:43,440 different kinds of reflections from the 584 00:20:46,870 --> 00:20:45,120 ionosphere so again you can measure a 585 00:20:47,990 --> 00:20:46,880 lot of different things with whisper 586 00:20:51,110 --> 00:20:48,000 depending on what you're interested in 587 00:20:53,830 --> 00:20:52,070 so 588 00:20:55,270 --> 00:20:53,840 you may be wondering that's all very 589 00:20:57,270 --> 00:20:55,280 nice your ham radio operator you 590 00:20:58,789 --> 00:20:57,280 understand this and you may be saying i 591 00:21:00,789 --> 00:20:58,799 don't understand any of what this guy's 592 00:21:02,390 --> 00:21:00,799 talking about so the question is how can 593 00:21:04,230 --> 00:21:02,400 you do whisper well 594 00:21:05,350 --> 00:21:04,240 anyone can receive signals and upload 595 00:21:07,190 --> 00:21:05,360 reports 596 00:21:08,630 --> 00:21:07,200 you need a receiver for it but now 597 00:21:11,270 --> 00:21:08,640 they're making little receivers which 598 00:21:13,510 --> 00:21:11,280 are basically uh they look like a flash 599 00:21:15,270 --> 00:21:13,520 drive that you plug into your usb port 600 00:21:17,029 --> 00:21:15,280 you can antenna to it 601 00:21:18,390 --> 00:21:17,039 and your computer does all the work and 602 00:21:20,710 --> 00:21:18,400 they're very cheap so you don't need a 603 00:21:21,909 --> 00:21:20,720 big fancy receiver but if you're 604 00:21:23,029 --> 00:21:21,919 somebody who doesn't even want to use a 605 00:21:26,149 --> 00:21:23,039 receiver 606 00:21:27,430 --> 00:21:26,159 download reports from whispernet and 607 00:21:29,270 --> 00:21:27,440 analyze the data that's everybody 608 00:21:30,310 --> 00:21:29,280 including all of you 609 00:21:31,830 --> 00:21:30,320 you have to understand a little about 610 00:21:34,230 --> 00:21:31,840 what the data means 611 00:21:36,549 --> 00:21:34,240 but uh for example 612 00:21:38,950 --> 00:21:36,559 i just did this a couple days ago i went 613 00:21:41,750 --> 00:21:38,960 and looked at kfs which is a receive 614 00:21:43,430 --> 00:21:41,760 only station in california in a very low 615 00:21:44,710 --> 00:21:43,440 noise area it's in a state park in 616 00:21:46,390 --> 00:21:44,720 california 617 00:21:48,070 --> 00:21:46,400 and you can see that he is picking up 618 00:21:48,950 --> 00:21:48,080 signals 619 00:21:52,630 --> 00:21:48,960 from 620 00:21:53,990 --> 00:21:52,640 fact his antarctica signals are 621 00:21:55,909 --> 00:21:54,000 interesting because 622 00:21:58,390 --> 00:21:55,919 dp0gvn 623 00:22:01,070 --> 00:21:58,400 is a german research station 624 00:22:02,710 --> 00:22:01,080 on the ice in antarctica and 625 00:22:05,110 --> 00:22:02,720 dp0pol 626 00:22:07,750 --> 00:22:05,120 is a supply ship and research ship from 627 00:22:09,669 --> 00:22:07,760 germany and i tracked them by radio all 628 00:22:10,950 --> 00:22:09,679 the way from germany all the way down 629 00:22:12,390 --> 00:22:10,960 through the atlantic ocean until they 630 00:22:13,990 --> 00:22:12,400 dropped off their supplies there at 631 00:22:15,190 --> 00:22:14,000 dp0gvn 632 00:22:18,070 --> 00:22:15,200 and since then they've been kind of 633 00:22:20,950 --> 00:22:18,080 meandering around the antarctic ocean 634 00:22:22,950 --> 00:22:20,960 and south america and 635 00:22:26,070 --> 00:22:22,960 so you can actually track this fellow on 636 00:22:29,669 --> 00:22:27,590 again if you wanted to have a 637 00:22:31,669 --> 00:22:29,679 well-controlled uh psy experiment 638 00:22:32,789 --> 00:22:31,679 looking at distance uh maybe he'd have 639 00:22:36,870 --> 00:22:32,799 somebody there doing a little bit of 640 00:22:38,950 --> 00:22:36,880 real remote viewing of penguins and uh 641 00:22:41,510 --> 00:22:38,960 that you could then uh compare his 642 00:22:46,390 --> 00:22:41,520 success in remote viewing to geomagnetic 643 00:22:49,110 --> 00:22:47,190 now 644 00:22:51,029 --> 00:22:49,120 getting a little bit off topic in the 645 00:22:53,430 --> 00:22:51,039 sense of not talking about how whisper 646 00:22:55,029 --> 00:22:53,440 can be used i just throw this in because 647 00:22:56,070 --> 00:22:55,039 it's something that sort of bugged me 648 00:22:57,750 --> 00:22:56,080 for a while 649 00:22:59,350 --> 00:22:57,760 is one of the uh 650 00:23:01,750 --> 00:22:59,360 comments that skeptics often come up 651 00:23:03,510 --> 00:23:01,760 with about psy is that it's impossible 652 00:23:05,270 --> 00:23:03,520 because it defies the laws of physics 653 00:23:07,350 --> 00:23:05,280 and therefore it's not real 654 00:23:08,789 --> 00:23:07,360 and so i wanted to refute the idea that 655 00:23:10,789 --> 00:23:08,799 psy couldn't be real because of the 656 00:23:13,990 --> 00:23:10,799 inverse square law which if you remember 657 00:23:15,750 --> 00:23:14,000 your high school or college physics um 658 00:23:17,190 --> 00:23:15,760 the idea would be that because psi 659 00:23:19,270 --> 00:23:17,200 doesn't seem to depend on distance it 660 00:23:21,270 --> 00:23:19,280 couldn't be real uh the most recent 661 00:23:23,830 --> 00:23:21,280 people to talk about this in skeptical 662 00:23:25,510 --> 00:23:23,840 inquirer were reeber and alcock 663 00:23:27,350 --> 00:23:25,520 and the problem is is that that law only 664 00:23:29,110 --> 00:23:27,360 applies to forces and fields like the 665 00:23:31,110 --> 00:23:29,120 force of gravity which declines with the 666 00:23:32,310 --> 00:23:31,120 inverse square of the distance but for 667 00:23:33,430 --> 00:23:32,320 communication that's completely 668 00:23:35,750 --> 00:23:33,440 irrelevant 669 00:23:37,590 --> 00:23:35,760 that signal-to-noise ratio is the only 670 00:23:38,789 --> 00:23:37,600 relevant parameter not force or field 671 00:23:40,710 --> 00:23:38,799 strength 672 00:23:42,390 --> 00:23:40,720 and a great example of that is what i'm 673 00:23:43,990 --> 00:23:42,400 demonstrating here with whisper that i 674 00:23:46,230 --> 00:23:44,000 have a 100 milliwatt signal which is 675 00:23:48,149 --> 00:23:46,240 less than your home wi-fi but it can be 676 00:23:50,630 --> 00:23:48,159 heard in antarctica because whisper can 677 00:23:53,590 --> 00:23:50,640 decode at -31 decibel signal to noise 678 00:23:55,909 --> 00:23:53,600 ratio and so we have no idea 679 00:23:58,710 --> 00:23:55,919 how psi might work but there's no reason 680 00:24:00,630 --> 00:23:58,720 to think that whatever mechanism it uses 681 00:24:02,230 --> 00:24:00,640 can't also pull signals out of 682 00:24:03,830 --> 00:24:02,240 incredibly high noise and of course we 683 00:24:05,269 --> 00:24:03,840 know that there is a lot of noise and 684 00:24:07,110 --> 00:24:05,279 it's very hard to get good results in 685 00:24:08,710 --> 00:24:07,120 psi experiments now we still have a 686 00:24:10,870 --> 00:24:08,720 problem because in psi research we don't 687 00:24:12,950 --> 00:24:10,880 have a way to quantitatively specify the 688 00:24:14,789 --> 00:24:12,960 signal level or the noise level but it 689 00:24:16,789 --> 00:24:14,799 is clear the inverse square law is just 690 00:24:19,590 --> 00:24:16,799 simply irrelevant again that measures 691 00:24:21,110 --> 00:24:19,600 forces and fields uh for communication 692 00:24:23,190 --> 00:24:21,120 all that really counts as the signal to 693 00:24:25,750 --> 00:24:23,200 noise ratio if you've got any signal at 694 00:24:27,510 --> 00:24:25,760 all and it can be an awfully tiny signal 695 00:24:29,990 --> 00:24:27,520 again 100 milliwatts that's your 696 00:24:31,590 --> 00:24:30,000 flashlight that's your home wi-fi heard 697 00:24:34,789 --> 00:24:31,600 very nicely in antarctica if you've got 698 00:24:38,390 --> 00:24:36,310 again just use an example in case that 699 00:24:40,470 --> 00:24:38,400 was a little bit unclear one example is 700 00:24:42,149 --> 00:24:40,480 listen to fm radio in my car 701 00:24:43,750 --> 00:24:42,159 and i can hear equally good quality in 702 00:24:46,310 --> 00:24:43,760 the parking lot next to the transmitter 703 00:24:48,549 --> 00:24:46,320 at the local public radio station or 10 704 00:24:50,149 --> 00:24:48,559 miles away at my home and the quality 705 00:24:52,549 --> 00:24:50,159 only drops when the signal gets close to 706 00:24:54,470 --> 00:24:52,559 the noise level and then again using 707 00:24:56,549 --> 00:24:54,480 whisper my 0.1 watt signal 100 708 00:24:58,230 --> 00:24:56,559 milliwatts like flashlight strength is 709 00:25:00,149 --> 00:24:58,240 decoded equally well in antarctica 710 00:25:01,510 --> 00:25:00,159 germany and in virginia despite 711 00:25:02,870 --> 00:25:01,520 different numbers of bounces from the 712 00:25:05,029 --> 00:25:02,880 ionosphere 713 00:25:06,789 --> 00:25:05,039 and the zeno the noise ratio depends on 714 00:25:08,630 --> 00:25:06,799 geomagnetic factors 715 00:25:09,990 --> 00:25:08,640 and again that depends that resembles 716 00:25:11,830 --> 00:25:10,000 psi results where the quality of the 717 00:25:13,750 --> 00:25:11,840 results depends on the index of 718 00:25:15,909 --> 00:25:13,760 geomagnetic disturbance so persinger 719 00:25:18,630 --> 00:25:15,919 encrypter looked at crippner's old data 720 00:25:20,630 --> 00:25:18,640 on dream telepathy and found that 721 00:25:23,029 --> 00:25:20,640 basically the experiments only worked 722 00:25:24,630 --> 00:25:23,039 when the geomagnetic disturbance was 723 00:25:26,230 --> 00:25:24,640 very low and there have been some other 724 00:25:27,750 --> 00:25:26,240 studies too including some ones that 725 00:25:30,310 --> 00:25:27,760 suggest that things like poltergeist 726 00:25:32,950 --> 00:25:30,320 activity might actually increase when 727 00:25:34,630 --> 00:25:32,960 there are geomagnetic disturbances and 728 00:25:38,549 --> 00:25:34,640 you know more work needs to be done but 729 00:25:42,789 --> 00:25:40,710 and whisper may be a lot more sensitive 730 00:25:44,230 --> 00:25:42,799 than standard indices like the a and k 731 00:25:46,149 --> 00:25:44,240 and the a a index for measuring 732 00:25:47,269 --> 00:25:46,159 geomagnetic disturbances these are the 733 00:25:49,269 --> 00:25:47,279 indices that have been used by 734 00:25:52,070 --> 00:25:49,279 parapsychologists and others 735 00:25:54,390 --> 00:25:52,080 an example i'll use for my own data is 736 00:25:57,269 --> 00:25:54,400 back in december there was a geomagnetic 737 00:25:58,230 --> 00:25:57,279 storm predicted based on activity on the 738 00:26:00,390 --> 00:25:58,240 sun 739 00:26:03,590 --> 00:26:00,400 and it ended up being a fizzle in that 740 00:26:06,789 --> 00:26:03,600 there was a very weakly elevated a index 741 00:26:08,630 --> 00:26:06,799 but i was measuring propagation and 742 00:26:09,590 --> 00:26:08,640 found a huge effect 743 00:26:11,350 --> 00:26:09,600 and so 744 00:26:12,789 --> 00:26:11,360 it shows that whisper may be much more 745 00:26:15,990 --> 00:26:12,799 sensitive than some of these standard 746 00:26:17,590 --> 00:26:16,000 indices to what's going on uh 747 00:26:19,750 --> 00:26:17,600 as an adjunct to the things that other 748 00:26:22,310 --> 00:26:19,760 people are using to measure uh 749 00:26:23,830 --> 00:26:22,320 geomagnetic effects for their various 750 00:26:25,110 --> 00:26:23,840 anomaly studies so i'll just show you an 751 00:26:27,510 --> 00:26:25,120 example here i think i've got a graph of 752 00:26:31,269 --> 00:26:29,350 so this is just my graph of my own data 753 00:26:34,549 --> 00:26:31,279 and what you're seeing there on the 754 00:26:36,390 --> 00:26:34,559 x-axis is the date in december 2020 755 00:26:39,110 --> 00:26:36,400 and then on the y-axis 756 00:26:40,549 --> 00:26:39,120 is in the blue is the number of spots of 757 00:26:42,630 --> 00:26:40,559 my signal that is how many people 758 00:26:44,310 --> 00:26:42,640 uploaded a report of my signal to 759 00:26:45,830 --> 00:26:44,320 whisper net 760 00:26:48,310 --> 00:26:45,840 and you can see that for several days 761 00:26:49,830 --> 00:26:48,320 prior to the geomagnetic storm there's a 762 00:26:51,350 --> 00:26:49,840 certain level of people spotting my 763 00:26:53,269 --> 00:26:51,360 signal 764 00:26:54,149 --> 00:26:53,279 it was predicted to arrive on december 765 00:26:55,830 --> 00:26:54,159 9th 766 00:26:57,669 --> 00:26:55,840 it 767 00:26:59,510 --> 00:26:57,679 and if you look at the red line which is 768 00:27:02,070 --> 00:26:59,520 the ap index one of the geomagnetic 769 00:27:03,909 --> 00:27:02,080 indices it shows nothing happened at all 770 00:27:07,430 --> 00:27:03,919 but if you look at the people spotting 771 00:27:09,830 --> 00:27:07,440 my signal it more than doubled uh 772 00:27:12,230 --> 00:27:09,840 within a couple of days and then dropped 773 00:27:14,870 --> 00:27:12,240 down to baseline levels and so indeed 774 00:27:16,310 --> 00:27:14,880 there was an effect of this solar storm 775 00:27:19,350 --> 00:27:16,320 but not one that was picked up by the 776 00:27:21,430 --> 00:27:19,360 standard geomagnetic indices so again 777 00:27:22,870 --> 00:27:21,440 this may be more sensitive 778 00:27:24,950 --> 00:27:22,880 and it would seem in a lot of anomalies 779 00:27:26,789 --> 00:27:24,960 research we could certainly use some 780 00:27:28,149 --> 00:27:26,799 sensitive measures of things that are 781 00:27:32,710 --> 00:27:28,159 affecting 782 00:27:36,070 --> 00:27:33,909 quickly mentioning here because this 783 00:27:38,870 --> 00:27:36,080 comes up a lot in anomalies research or 784 00:27:40,870 --> 00:27:38,880 something called schumann resonances and 785 00:27:42,470 --> 00:27:40,880 what schumann resonances are 786 00:27:43,830 --> 00:27:42,480 is lightning creates radio waves that 787 00:27:46,230 --> 00:27:43,840 reverberate between the earth and the 788 00:27:48,230 --> 00:27:46,240 ionosphere around the earth and so they 789 00:27:50,389 --> 00:27:48,240 go all the way around the earth and the 790 00:27:52,070 --> 00:27:50,399 first resonant frequency is about 7.8 791 00:27:53,269 --> 00:27:52,080 hertz which is near the alpha brainwave 792 00:27:54,950 --> 00:27:53,279 frequency 793 00:27:57,190 --> 00:27:54,960 and so there have been some studies 794 00:27:59,430 --> 00:27:57,200 suggesting that uh 795 00:28:01,909 --> 00:27:59,440 the human resonances which again are 796 00:28:03,510 --> 00:28:01,919 affected by geomagnetic effects just 797 00:28:04,950 --> 00:28:03,520 like everything else with radio waves 798 00:28:06,389 --> 00:28:04,960 that these could be affecting our brain 799 00:28:08,470 --> 00:28:06,399 waves our health our heart rate and a 800 00:28:11,110 --> 00:28:08,480 lot of other things and so that's what 801 00:28:14,710 --> 00:28:13,029 so just give you a couple of other 802 00:28:16,950 --> 00:28:14,720 applications possible for whisper and 803 00:28:18,549 --> 00:28:16,960 then open it up to questions uh 804 00:28:19,269 --> 00:28:18,559 one again is a 805 00:28:21,269 --> 00:28:19,279 the 806 00:28:23,269 --> 00:28:21,279 fine resolution measure of ionospheric 807 00:28:24,630 --> 00:28:23,279 variables related to global coherence 808 00:28:26,630 --> 00:28:24,640 there's a group called the heart math 809 00:28:29,269 --> 00:28:26,640 institute and they have uh 810 00:28:30,710 --> 00:28:29,279 presented at ssc meetings i believe york 811 00:28:31,750 --> 00:28:30,720 dobbins was co-author on one of their 812 00:28:33,350 --> 00:28:31,760 papers 813 00:28:35,350 --> 00:28:33,360 and they've looked at the 814 00:28:37,350 --> 00:28:35,360 traditional ionospheric geomagnetic 815 00:28:38,870 --> 00:28:37,360 measures and down on the right hand side 816 00:28:40,470 --> 00:28:38,880 is just an example of all the ones they 817 00:28:43,350 --> 00:28:40,480 used and found some rather strong 818 00:28:45,029 --> 00:28:43,360 relationships with human physiology 819 00:28:46,950 --> 00:28:45,039 and so whisper might offer an additional 820 00:28:48,950 --> 00:28:46,960 measure with finer temporal and spatial 821 00:28:51,590 --> 00:28:48,960 resolution that could be added to what 822 00:28:53,510 --> 00:28:51,600 they've done in the past and uh and 823 00:28:59,590 --> 00:28:53,520 measure these effects on human 824 00:29:03,110 --> 00:29:01,269 and another one again is fine resolution 825 00:29:04,549 --> 00:29:03,120 measurements of geomagnetic disturbance 826 00:29:05,830 --> 00:29:04,559 related to psi experiments and 827 00:29:07,430 --> 00:29:05,840 experiences 828 00:29:09,269 --> 00:29:07,440 so a lot of this work had been done by 829 00:29:11,110 --> 00:29:09,279 michael persinger and then cripner and 830 00:29:12,870 --> 00:29:11,120 persinger found evidence for enhanced 831 00:29:14,950 --> 00:29:12,880 congruence between dreams and distant 832 00:29:17,190 --> 00:29:14,960 target material during periods of 833 00:29:18,870 --> 00:29:17,200 decreased geomagnetic activity 834 00:29:20,789 --> 00:29:18,880 in other words when the geomagnetic 835 00:29:22,710 --> 00:29:20,799 field is quiet not only is that 836 00:29:24,950 --> 00:29:22,720 generally good for radio propagation but 837 00:29:27,110 --> 00:29:24,960 it seems good for side propagation too 838 00:29:29,669 --> 00:29:27,120 whatever that might be so again here we 839 00:29:32,230 --> 00:29:29,679 have a measure with finer temporal and 840 00:29:34,710 --> 00:29:32,240 spatial resolution so none of this has 841 00:29:37,190 --> 00:29:34,720 been applied yet but the opportunity is 842 00:29:38,070 --> 00:29:37,200 there and i think that's the last one 843 00:29:40,230 --> 00:29:38,080 oh 844 00:29:41,990 --> 00:29:40,240 not quite so this is the last one this 845 00:29:44,310 --> 00:29:42,000 might also be useful for other anomalies 846 00:29:46,310 --> 00:29:44,320 uh for example in astrology astrology is 847 00:29:48,870 --> 00:29:46,320 all about subtle solar and lunar and 848 00:29:50,389 --> 00:29:48,880 planetary effects on biological systems 849 00:29:52,389 --> 00:29:50,399 and whisper might be helpful in 850 00:29:54,950 --> 00:29:52,399 measuring some of those because again 851 00:29:57,510 --> 00:29:54,960 it's very sensitive to disturbances due 852 00:29:59,510 --> 00:29:57,520 to solar radiation uh couldn't hurt 853 00:30:01,430 --> 00:29:59,520 looking at it for other kinds of effects 854 00:30:02,870 --> 00:30:01,440 on biological systems 855 00:30:04,630 --> 00:30:02,880 another one i find quite interesting is 856 00:30:06,149 --> 00:30:04,640 ufo experiences 857 00:30:08,870 --> 00:30:06,159 it might be helpful in measuring local 858 00:30:10,789 --> 00:30:08,880 geomagnetic disturbances in ufo cases i 859 00:30:11,909 --> 00:30:10,799 was reading a book by john keel about 860 00:30:14,470 --> 00:30:11,919 some 861 00:30:16,230 --> 00:30:14,480 ufo cases in west virginia i was just 862 00:30:18,149 --> 00:30:16,240 curious so i looked up in the database 863 00:30:19,830 --> 00:30:18,159 and there were some huge geomagnetic 864 00:30:22,230 --> 00:30:19,840 storms right around the time that 865 00:30:23,350 --> 00:30:22,240 everyone was reporting these 866 00:30:27,909 --> 00:30:23,360 ufo 867 00:30:31,590 --> 00:30:29,590 potentially helpful in measuring some 868 00:30:35,430 --> 00:30:31,600 things that might help explain some of 869 00:30:39,430 --> 00:30:37,510 and there is my uh 870 00:30:40,789 --> 00:30:39,440 list of references to leave it up for a 871 00:30:42,310 --> 00:30:40,799 little bit here so i know that this is 872 00:30:43,990 --> 00:30:42,320 being recorded so if anybody wants to 873 00:30:46,230 --> 00:30:44,000 look at any of the references there are 874 00:30:47,590 --> 00:30:46,240 many many references on on 875 00:30:49,029 --> 00:30:47,600 studies that have been done using these 876 00:30:51,029 --> 00:30:49,039 variables 877 00:30:53,590 --> 00:30:51,039 and the whisper uh 878 00:30:55,029 --> 00:30:53,600 pages have references to how whisper net 879 00:30:56,870 --> 00:30:55,039 works 880 00:30:59,029 --> 00:30:56,880 great well thank you so much that was 881 00:31:01,590 --> 00:30:59,039 very interesting talk and um thought 882 00:31:05,029 --> 00:31:01,600 provoking um and it's now time for some 883 00:31:06,789 --> 00:31:05,039 q a um and so i see we already have one 884 00:31:08,950 --> 00:31:06,799 question in the chat window which i will 885 00:31:11,190 --> 00:31:08,960 relate to you unless you can in the 886 00:31:13,190 --> 00:31:11,200 questions window can you see that uh 887 00:31:15,430 --> 00:31:13,200 doug if not i will relay that to you 888 00:31:18,310 --> 00:31:15,440 questions uh 889 00:31:21,350 --> 00:31:18,320 yes i've got the questions open i see 890 00:31:21,360 --> 00:31:25,590 there you go so um 891 00:31:30,549 --> 00:31:27,269 having me read them to you and then 892 00:31:32,549 --> 00:31:30,559 anyone else who wishes to either chat or 893 00:31:35,509 --> 00:31:32,559 in the questions not the chat box in the 894 00:31:37,669 --> 00:31:35,519 questions box uh to write your question 895 00:31:39,430 --> 00:31:37,679 or you can raise your hand and then we 896 00:31:41,350 --> 00:31:39,440 will call on you and turn on your camera 897 00:31:42,710 --> 00:31:41,360 and microphone and you can talk directly 898 00:31:43,669 --> 00:31:42,720 with dog if your 899 00:31:45,669 --> 00:31:43,679 question 900 00:31:46,630 --> 00:31:45,679 requires a little more than just a 901 00:31:48,310 --> 00:31:46,640 sentence 902 00:31:50,070 --> 00:31:48,320 all right so i can see the first 903 00:31:51,909 --> 00:31:50,080 question here uh and the other one says 904 00:31:53,669 --> 00:31:51,919 i have the same question so the question 905 00:31:55,990 --> 00:31:53,679 was does the whisper algorithm require a 906 00:31:57,590 --> 00:31:56,000 continuously repeating signal to analyze 907 00:31:59,590 --> 00:31:57,600 the answer is no actually you can set it 908 00:32:02,070 --> 00:31:59,600 up to do it lots of different ways 909 00:32:04,149 --> 00:32:02,080 some people want to test their antenna 910 00:32:06,310 --> 00:32:04,159 and simply broadcast one whisper signal 911 00:32:07,669 --> 00:32:06,320 that's it and then they look and see who 912 00:32:09,509 --> 00:32:07,679 all around the world has spotted that 913 00:32:10,789 --> 00:32:09,519 one transmission 914 00:32:13,509 --> 00:32:10,799 on the other hand i've been doing it 915 00:32:15,190 --> 00:32:13,519 every 10 minutes for the past 916 00:32:16,549 --> 00:32:15,200 a little over a year 917 00:32:18,070 --> 00:32:16,559 night and day 918 00:32:19,909 --> 00:32:18,080 except for things like thunderstorms 919 00:32:21,190 --> 00:32:19,919 when i have to turn off my equipment and 920 00:32:22,630 --> 00:32:21,200 the reason for that is because there are 921 00:32:24,149 --> 00:32:22,640 a lot of people who then can listen to 922 00:32:25,590 --> 00:32:24,159 me and know they've got a reliable 923 00:32:27,509 --> 00:32:25,600 signal so if they're testing their 924 00:32:29,029 --> 00:32:27,519 antennas they know that i'm there and 925 00:32:31,430 --> 00:32:29,039 i've got a continuous signal there are a 926 00:32:32,950 --> 00:32:31,440 number of people uh who are always on 927 00:32:34,389 --> 00:32:32,960 and then some were just on for a very 928 00:32:35,990 --> 00:32:34,399 small amount of time 929 00:32:37,509 --> 00:32:36,000 because of the noise 930 00:32:40,310 --> 00:32:37,519 there are issues of you may want to do 931 00:32:42,149 --> 00:32:40,320 some averaging in order to come up with 932 00:32:43,669 --> 00:32:42,159 good measurements and so just a single 933 00:32:46,070 --> 00:32:43,679 transmission isn't the greatest idea in 934 00:32:47,350 --> 00:32:46,080 the world uh and mine is every 10 935 00:32:49,350 --> 00:32:47,360 minutes which is kind of the default 936 00:32:51,750 --> 00:32:49,360 standard for whisper i did a little bit 937 00:32:53,430 --> 00:32:51,760 of stuff with it every two minutes 938 00:32:56,630 --> 00:32:53,440 and the only trouble with that is it 939 00:32:59,269 --> 00:32:56,640 generates a huge amount of data and 940 00:33:01,830 --> 00:32:59,279 then also not as many people can use the 941 00:33:03,269 --> 00:33:01,840 channel at the same time uh so not very 942 00:33:04,710 --> 00:33:03,279 many people do it every two minutes so i 943 00:33:06,070 --> 00:33:04,720 did it for a 944 00:33:08,389 --> 00:33:06,080 couple of hours here and there to do 945 00:33:10,149 --> 00:33:08,399 some experiments but i decided to you 946 00:33:12,389 --> 00:33:10,159 know it would just annoy people if i did 947 00:33:14,789 --> 00:33:12,399 that too much but there's actually a 948 00:33:16,149 --> 00:33:14,799 whisper station over in norfolk knew 949 00:33:18,149 --> 00:33:16,159 where i am 950 00:33:19,350 --> 00:33:18,159 on the battleship wisconsin it's a uh 951 00:33:21,669 --> 00:33:19,360 it's a 952 00:33:23,110 --> 00:33:21,679 ship museum and they have an antique 953 00:33:25,350 --> 00:33:23,120 radio club there 954 00:33:26,630 --> 00:33:25,360 and they put a whisper transmitter as 955 00:33:28,870 --> 00:33:26,640 well as their world war ii type 956 00:33:30,310 --> 00:33:28,880 transmitters and 957 00:33:32,230 --> 00:33:30,320 for a while we're running that one 24 958 00:33:33,590 --> 00:33:32,240 hours a day but i think with covid they 959 00:33:34,950 --> 00:33:33,600 weren't able to get there to maintain 960 00:33:37,590 --> 00:33:34,960 the thing because it's a museum that was 961 00:33:39,269 --> 00:33:37,600 closed but at any rate um you can be 962 00:33:40,789 --> 00:33:39,279 very 963 00:33:42,950 --> 00:33:40,799 flexible 964 00:33:44,630 --> 00:33:42,960 um i see that we have several more 965 00:33:46,470 --> 00:33:44,640 questions in the questions box we also 966 00:33:47,990 --> 00:33:46,480 have york dobbins who has raised his 967 00:33:51,190 --> 00:33:48,000 hand and would like to have the 968 00:33:52,870 --> 00:33:51,200 microphone if you uh are okay i will 969 00:33:54,630 --> 00:33:52,880 give the microphone to york we always 970 00:33:56,310 --> 00:33:54,640 like i know that york is co-author on 971 00:33:58,149 --> 00:33:56,320 one of the papers i cited so uh we 972 00:33:59,990 --> 00:33:58,159 introduced somebody today all right 973 00:34:01,750 --> 00:34:00,000 let's just see if this works here 974 00:34:03,269 --> 00:34:01,760 providing mike to york dolphins we'll 975 00:34:05,830 --> 00:34:03,279 see um 976 00:34:09,430 --> 00:34:05,840 the the whisper system obviously 977 00:34:12,470 --> 00:34:09,440 involves some form of 978 00:34:13,589 --> 00:34:12,480 fairly high-end data processing 979 00:34:17,430 --> 00:34:13,599 to 980 00:34:18,829 --> 00:34:17,440 extract these very weak signals from a 981 00:34:20,790 --> 00:34:18,839 strong noise 982 00:34:24,470 --> 00:34:20,800 background um 983 00:34:29,270 --> 00:34:26,869 applying the whisper algorithm or 984 00:34:32,310 --> 00:34:29,280 algorithms to 985 00:34:33,829 --> 00:34:32,320 directly to anomalies data 986 00:34:36,710 --> 00:34:33,839 this would of course have to be high 987 00:34:39,349 --> 00:34:36,720 volume anomalies data such as the 988 00:34:42,629 --> 00:34:39,359 uh gcp or 989 00:34:44,869 --> 00:34:42,639 uh some of the uh stuff people have done 990 00:34:47,270 --> 00:34:44,879 with with very high speed 991 00:34:51,030 --> 00:34:47,280 uh reg devices 992 00:34:53,430 --> 00:34:51,040 but had you thought of looking at high 993 00:34:55,589 --> 00:34:53,440 volume anomalies data to see if you can 994 00:34:58,069 --> 00:34:55,599 find patterns in what mostly looks like 995 00:35:00,950 --> 00:34:58,079 random noise to see if there actually 996 00:35:03,349 --> 00:35:00,960 are structured signals buried in there 997 00:35:05,109 --> 00:35:03,359 that gets way beyond my expertise uh 998 00:35:06,790 --> 00:35:05,119 because i just use it but have no idea 999 00:35:08,470 --> 00:35:06,800 how it was actually programmed uh the 1000 00:35:10,069 --> 00:35:08,480 guy that actually did it is uh at 1001 00:35:11,510 --> 00:35:10,079 princeton uh near your old stomping 1002 00:35:13,349 --> 00:35:11,520 grounds uh 1003 00:35:15,190 --> 00:35:13,359 joe taylor in the physics department 1004 00:35:16,630 --> 00:35:15,200 there uh is the one who developed the 1005 00:35:17,670 --> 00:35:16,640 whisper algorithm with a number of his 1006 00:35:19,349 --> 00:35:17,680 colleagues 1007 00:35:20,950 --> 00:35:19,359 and i don't know if any of them might 1008 00:35:22,550 --> 00:35:20,960 have an interest in applying things one 1009 00:35:25,270 --> 00:35:22,560 of the problems with applying whisper to 1010 00:35:27,430 --> 00:35:25,280 some anomalies is it requires very uh 1011 00:35:28,870 --> 00:35:27,440 careful time synchronization although 1012 00:35:30,950 --> 00:35:28,880 they're developing ones that don't 1013 00:35:32,310 --> 00:35:30,960 require time synchronization 1014 00:35:35,270 --> 00:35:32,320 it's hard to get time synchronization 1015 00:35:36,710 --> 00:35:35,280 with a lot of anomalous data but uh it's 1016 00:35:38,790 --> 00:35:36,720 a group based at princeton but they're 1017 00:35:40,710 --> 00:35:38,800 all over the country uh one of them is 1018 00:35:42,230 --> 00:35:40,720 out in i think university of illinois 1019 00:35:43,589 --> 00:35:42,240 and various other places in the country 1020 00:35:46,470 --> 00:35:43,599 that work as a team 1021 00:35:48,310 --> 00:35:46,480 and if you go to the whispernet site uh 1022 00:35:50,870 --> 00:35:48,320 it's got links to their pages i think 1023 00:35:52,310 --> 00:35:50,880 it's it's a physics page at princeton is 1024 00:35:53,990 --> 00:35:52,320 where joe taylor's site is but they've 1025 00:35:55,589 --> 00:35:54,000 got links to all the people doing the 1026 00:35:57,109 --> 00:35:55,599 whisper development 1027 00:36:00,150 --> 00:35:57,119 how it all works is a little bit beyond 1028 00:36:01,270 --> 00:36:00,160 me basically they use a lot of uh signal 1029 00:36:03,270 --> 00:36:01,280 processing 1030 00:36:05,190 --> 00:36:03,280 but it's not so complex that you can't 1031 00:36:07,589 --> 00:36:05,200 do it on a laptop 1032 00:36:12,150 --> 00:36:07,599 and then their software is all free for 1033 00:36:14,390 --> 00:36:12,160 just download it and start it up 1034 00:36:15,430 --> 00:36:14,400 all right thank you york 1035 00:36:17,109 --> 00:36:15,440 um 1036 00:36:18,790 --> 00:36:17,119 so the software itself the actual 1037 00:36:20,470 --> 00:36:18,800 algorithms that do the analyses are 1038 00:36:22,870 --> 00:36:20,480 running on your local machine this has 1039 00:36:26,470 --> 00:36:22,880 not been analyzed on a central server 1040 00:36:30,470 --> 00:36:26,480 and put uh up already processed 1041 00:36:32,069 --> 00:36:30,480 well both and so what happens is uh 1042 00:36:35,270 --> 00:36:32,079 i sit here with this screen right now 1043 00:36:36,870 --> 00:36:35,280 i've minimized my uh my screen in uh 1044 00:36:38,950 --> 00:36:36,880 uh i won't show it to everybody but 1045 00:36:41,430 --> 00:36:38,960 essentially while i'm running this 1046 00:36:43,670 --> 00:36:41,440 on the receiving side when i'm not 1047 00:36:46,150 --> 00:36:43,680 transmitting it's constantly displaying 1048 00:36:47,910 --> 00:36:46,160 everything i'm receiving and decoding 1049 00:36:49,990 --> 00:36:47,920 then every two minutes it uploads it to 1050 00:36:51,349 --> 00:36:50,000 the whispernet site on the internet so 1051 00:36:53,829 --> 00:36:51,359 if i want to look it on the internet i 1052 00:36:55,589 --> 00:36:53,839 can just log on to whispernet and see 1053 00:36:56,630 --> 00:36:55,599 who's received me and who i've received 1054 00:36:59,190 --> 00:36:56,640 but i'm seeing everybody that i've 1055 00:37:01,270 --> 00:36:59,200 received and decoded their signals in 1056 00:37:02,950 --> 00:37:01,280 real time just sitting here on my screen 1057 00:37:05,190 --> 00:37:02,960 so they've got processing within your 1058 00:37:06,870 --> 00:37:05,200 own computer but then um processing at 1059 00:37:08,390 --> 00:37:06,880 whispernet site and then several people 1060 00:37:10,230 --> 00:37:08,400 have got their own sites where they've 1061 00:37:12,470 --> 00:37:10,240 written algorithms to do other things so 1062 00:37:13,910 --> 00:37:12,480 a fellow in australia 1063 00:37:16,150 --> 00:37:13,920 wrote the program that does some of the 1064 00:37:17,990 --> 00:37:16,160 graphs and maps i was showing he takes 1065 00:37:19,670 --> 00:37:18,000 all the data and puts it into graphs and 1066 00:37:21,030 --> 00:37:19,680 maps and so you can download all of his 1067 00:37:23,190 --> 00:37:21,040 graphs and maps 1068 00:37:24,630 --> 00:37:23,200 so it's a big open source project with 1069 00:37:26,470 --> 00:37:24,640 people all over the world coming up with 1070 00:37:27,910 --> 00:37:26,480 clever things to do with it 1071 00:37:29,990 --> 00:37:27,920 terrific 1072 00:37:31,670 --> 00:37:30,000 um can you see the questions in the 1073 00:37:33,510 --> 00:37:31,680 questions box until we have several 1074 00:37:35,910 --> 00:37:33,520 right again they sort of scroll down so 1075 00:37:37,990 --> 00:37:35,920 let me scroll back up again 1076 00:37:39,990 --> 00:37:38,000 okay the first thing i see here 1077 00:37:42,550 --> 00:37:40,000 was do i see size potentially analogous 1078 00:37:44,870 --> 00:37:42,560 to whisper and separate from em signals 1079 00:37:46,470 --> 00:37:44,880 i have no idea uh 1080 00:37:48,470 --> 00:37:46,480 i don't think anybody knows what psy is 1081 00:37:49,750 --> 00:37:48,480 although 1082 00:37:51,750 --> 00:37:49,760 you'll certainly see a few people 1083 00:37:54,870 --> 00:37:51,760 playing with uh with physics to try to 1084 00:37:57,510 --> 00:37:54,880 figure it out um 1085 00:37:59,589 --> 00:37:57,520 who knows the interesting thing to me is 1086 00:38:02,150 --> 00:37:59,599 that whether it's electromagnetic or not 1087 00:38:03,109 --> 00:38:02,160 and i would say probably not 1088 00:38:05,750 --> 00:38:03,119 whatever 1089 00:38:08,069 --> 00:38:05,760 is going on seems to be affected by 1090 00:38:09,589 --> 00:38:08,079 electromagnetic phenomena now that may 1091 00:38:11,190 --> 00:38:09,599 just be because they affect humans not 1092 00:38:12,550 --> 00:38:11,200 necessarily psi 1093 00:38:14,069 --> 00:38:12,560 and so it looks like the same kind of 1094 00:38:16,069 --> 00:38:14,079 phenomena that affect psi maybe 1095 00:38:18,150 --> 00:38:16,079 affecting heart rate variability and 1096 00:38:19,670 --> 00:38:18,160 other physiological variables but 1097 00:38:21,829 --> 00:38:19,680 there's certainly a parallel there but 1098 00:38:23,910 --> 00:38:21,839 what's actually going on physically i 1099 00:38:25,030 --> 00:38:23,920 have the slightest idea i do know there 1100 00:38:26,630 --> 00:38:25,040 are some physicists who've been trying 1101 00:38:28,790 --> 00:38:26,640 to figure it out i'm not sure that they 1102 00:38:30,310 --> 00:38:28,800 know what's going on either 1103 00:38:32,630 --> 00:38:30,320 very hard to do 1104 00:38:34,470 --> 00:38:32,640 okay the next one for sci experiments 1105 00:38:36,550 --> 00:38:34,480 uh what frequency range do you look at 1106 00:38:38,470 --> 00:38:36,560 and what kind of signal well again for 1107 00:38:40,310 --> 00:38:38,480 what i'm doing it's not psi experiments 1108 00:38:43,030 --> 00:38:40,320 for any kind of experiment there is an 1109 00:38:44,550 --> 00:38:43,040 enormous range of frequencies uh 1110 00:38:46,910 --> 00:38:44,560 whisper is now being used in the ham 1111 00:38:49,829 --> 00:38:46,920 radio bands those range from 1112 00:38:52,790 --> 00:38:49,839 135 kilohertz which is a little bit 1113 00:38:55,030 --> 00:38:52,800 above uh audio that you could hear a 1114 00:38:57,510 --> 00:38:55,040 very very low frequency radio band all 1115 00:38:58,710 --> 00:38:57,520 the way up to about 1.2 gigahertz which 1116 00:39:02,150 --> 00:38:58,720 is kind of up around where your cell 1117 00:39:03,589 --> 00:39:02,160 phone works and there are about 10 bands 1118 00:39:06,150 --> 00:39:03,599 in there i'm using one just about in the 1119 00:39:07,750 --> 00:39:06,160 middle called the 20 meter band uh the 1120 00:39:10,470 --> 00:39:07,760 main reason being i have an antenna for 1121 00:39:12,470 --> 00:39:10,480 it over my garage uh also it happens to 1122 00:39:13,670 --> 00:39:12,480 be a very good long distance band and 1123 00:39:15,990 --> 00:39:13,680 that's what i was interested in but 1124 00:39:17,589 --> 00:39:16,000 there are a wide variety of bands that 1125 00:39:20,710 --> 00:39:17,599 people are using and it all depends on 1126 00:39:22,950 --> 00:39:20,720 what your particular application is uh 1127 00:39:24,550 --> 00:39:22,960 and it doesn't require you even to use 1128 00:39:26,870 --> 00:39:24,560 ham radio bands if you're going to use 1129 00:39:28,790 --> 00:39:26,880 radio you need to use ham radio bands 1130 00:39:30,630 --> 00:39:28,800 but you know york was talking about 1131 00:39:31,990 --> 00:39:30,640 using it in some other thing directly on 1132 00:39:34,710 --> 00:39:32,000 anomalies and some people have done 1133 00:39:35,990 --> 00:39:34,720 things like modulated light waves and 1134 00:39:37,510 --> 00:39:36,000 received them across the street and 1135 00:39:39,829 --> 00:39:37,520 seeing how well it works 1136 00:39:41,430 --> 00:39:39,839 and so anything that you can put a 1137 00:39:43,109 --> 00:39:41,440 signal on because potentially you can 1138 00:39:45,109 --> 00:39:43,119 use whisper to decode the signal in very 1139 00:39:46,950 --> 00:39:45,119 high noise environments so you know lots 1140 00:39:48,069 --> 00:39:46,960 of possible abilities 1141 00:39:49,190 --> 00:39:48,079 um 1142 00:39:50,470 --> 00:39:49,200 okay 1143 00:39:51,750 --> 00:39:50,480 next one was if the signal is not 1144 00:39:53,430 --> 00:39:51,760 repeating that would require the noise 1145 00:39:54,950 --> 00:39:53,440 figures to be extremely consistent to 1146 00:39:57,190 --> 00:39:54,960 make any deviation for the noise figure 1147 00:39:59,829 --> 00:39:57,200 to be identified 1148 00:40:02,069 --> 00:39:59,839 the way it works is that each block is 1149 00:40:04,309 --> 00:40:02,079 two minutes long and has a huge amount 1150 00:40:08,470 --> 00:40:04,319 of redundancy in that two minutes 1151 00:40:10,069 --> 00:40:08,480 and that's how they extract the signal 1152 00:40:12,470 --> 00:40:10,079 if that isn't good enough again you can 1153 00:40:15,030 --> 00:40:12,480 do multiple whisper transmissions and so 1154 00:40:17,910 --> 00:40:15,040 a lot depends on uh how much noise 1155 00:40:19,589 --> 00:40:17,920 you've got and how precise you want your 1156 00:40:21,510 --> 00:40:19,599 answer um 1157 00:40:23,750 --> 00:40:21,520 but the actual blocks that are used in 1158 00:40:25,589 --> 00:40:23,760 the whisper signal are two minutes full 1159 00:40:27,910 --> 00:40:25,599 of very very redundant forward error 1160 00:40:29,430 --> 00:40:27,920 correction 1161 00:40:30,630 --> 00:40:29,440 okay and then 1162 00:40:31,910 --> 00:40:30,640 next one was 1163 00:40:33,589 --> 00:40:31,920 does this process apply only to 1164 00:40:35,349 --> 00:40:33,599 electromagnetic signals or magnetic and 1165 00:40:37,349 --> 00:40:35,359 or electric 1166 00:40:39,750 --> 00:40:37,359 any kind of signal at all including 1167 00:40:42,150 --> 00:40:39,760 light including sound again it was 1168 00:40:43,750 --> 00:40:42,160 intended for use with ham radio bands 1169 00:40:45,910 --> 00:40:43,760 but people have tried all sorts of other 1170 00:40:47,670 --> 00:40:45,920 applications uh you could even use it 1171 00:40:49,750 --> 00:40:47,680 say at a rock concert slip a whisper 1172 00:40:51,750 --> 00:40:49,760 signal in and detect it you know six 1173 00:40:53,910 --> 00:40:51,760 blocks away in somebody's house to the 1174 00:40:55,510 --> 00:40:53,920 microphone if you wanted to it should 1175 00:40:57,990 --> 00:40:55,520 work uh 1176 00:40:59,190 --> 00:40:58,000 and actually it was originally the 1177 00:40:59,990 --> 00:40:59,200 original 1178 00:41:02,069 --> 00:41:00,000 thing 1179 00:41:05,349 --> 00:41:02,079 that joe taylor designed is from moon 1180 00:41:06,870 --> 00:41:05,359 bounce which is incredibly uh noisy low 1181 00:41:08,790 --> 00:41:06,880 signal send a radio signal up to the 1182 00:41:10,950 --> 00:41:08,800 moon and bounce it off and everybody 1183 00:41:12,710 --> 00:41:10,960 started using it for regular ham radio 1184 00:41:14,150 --> 00:41:12,720 and so uh he and some other people 1185 00:41:15,910 --> 00:41:14,160 rewrote the algorithm to make it more 1186 00:41:17,190 --> 00:41:15,920 useful for ham radio they still have one 1187 00:41:19,670 --> 00:41:17,200 for moon bounce so they keep playing 1188 00:41:20,790 --> 00:41:19,680 with different kinds of uh 1189 00:41:22,470 --> 00:41:20,800 um 1190 00:41:25,030 --> 00:41:22,480 next one was so there's no sync signal 1191 00:41:27,190 --> 00:41:25,040 only time dependent um it's time 1192 00:41:31,030 --> 00:41:27,200 dependent and the way whisper runs it 1193 00:41:32,630 --> 00:41:31,040 has to be um synchronized to uh 1194 00:41:34,870 --> 00:41:32,640 universal time 1195 00:41:36,550 --> 00:41:34,880 and typically you use the nist computer 1196 00:41:38,309 --> 00:41:36,560 server uh 1197 00:41:39,910 --> 00:41:38,319 once you've got it synchronized if 1198 00:41:41,349 --> 00:41:39,920 you've got a good enough clock you can 1199 00:41:43,750 --> 00:41:41,359 just keep it synchronized for a long 1200 00:41:45,349 --> 00:41:43,760 time some people use gps to synchronize 1201 00:41:47,589 --> 00:41:45,359 the time but it does have to be time 1202 00:41:49,670 --> 00:41:47,599 synchronized however they're working on 1203 00:41:51,829 --> 00:41:49,680 algorithms and they already may have one 1204 00:41:53,829 --> 00:41:51,839 for some of this digital stuff without 1205 00:41:55,109 --> 00:41:53,839 any time synchronization but that's not 1206 00:41:56,390 --> 00:41:55,119 the way whisper works right at this 1207 00:41:58,309 --> 00:41:56,400 point 1208 00:42:00,829 --> 00:41:58,319 uh 1209 00:42:03,270 --> 00:42:00,839 then question where can i download your 1210 00:42:05,750 --> 00:42:03,280 citations uh they were on that last 1211 00:42:08,630 --> 00:42:05,760 slide and i think mark you there this 1212 00:42:10,870 --> 00:42:08,640 whole thing will be posted somewhere 1213 00:42:12,230 --> 00:42:10,880 my understanding yes i'm not sure about 1214 00:42:14,870 --> 00:42:12,240 the q and a 1215 00:42:16,630 --> 00:42:14,880 um but if but the slide the slide will 1216 00:42:20,150 --> 00:42:16,640 be on the recording 1217 00:42:22,069 --> 00:42:20,160 so you can just watch the end of the 1218 00:42:23,510 --> 00:42:22,079 recording um 1219 00:42:24,710 --> 00:42:23,520 and we're on the ssc side i guess 1220 00:42:26,630 --> 00:42:24,720 annalisa 1221 00:42:29,510 --> 00:42:26,640 and would you be receptive to people 1222 00:42:32,710 --> 00:42:29,520 emailing you uh and requesting that 1223 00:42:35,309 --> 00:42:32,720 um sure i'd be happy to to send it to uh 1224 00:42:37,109 --> 00:42:35,319 anybody who wants it uh my email is 1225 00:42:39,750 --> 00:42:37,119 doug.richards 1226 00:42:42,069 --> 00:42:39,760 cox.net 1227 00:42:43,750 --> 00:42:42,079 terrific i see some more 1228 00:42:45,190 --> 00:42:43,760 questions somebody somebody 1229 00:42:46,069 --> 00:42:45,200 screenshotted the citations that works 1230 00:42:47,109 --> 00:42:46,079 yep 1231 00:42:49,510 --> 00:42:47,119 um 1232 00:42:51,829 --> 00:42:49,520 okay next one was are you analyzing a cw 1233 00:42:53,030 --> 00:42:51,839 signal or some kind of modulated rf 1234 00:42:55,349 --> 00:42:53,040 that's for people who understand what 1235 00:42:58,550 --> 00:42:55,359 this is all about and the answer is uh 1236 00:43:01,349 --> 00:42:58,560 the way it works is that it is a set of 1237 00:43:04,390 --> 00:43:01,359 uh i believe four tones 1238 00:43:06,470 --> 00:43:04,400 that are uh amplitude modulated and have 1239 00:43:07,670 --> 00:43:06,480 a very very narrow bandwidth 1240 00:43:09,589 --> 00:43:07,680 and so 1241 00:43:10,829 --> 00:43:09,599 the bandwidth is on the order of just a 1242 00:43:12,630 --> 00:43:10,839 few hertz 1243 00:43:15,109 --> 00:43:12,640 and uh 1244 00:43:17,190 --> 00:43:15,119 it's just a set of four tones so it's 1245 00:43:19,510 --> 00:43:17,200 basically a frequency shift keying 1246 00:43:21,589 --> 00:43:19,520 modulation with four tones and the 1247 00:43:23,349 --> 00:43:21,599 whisper website has all the technical 1248 00:43:25,510 --> 00:43:23,359 data on how the algorithm actually works 1249 00:43:27,589 --> 00:43:25,520 but i think that's what it is they have 1250 00:43:28,790 --> 00:43:27,599 a number of different kinds of encoding 1251 00:43:31,109 --> 00:43:28,800 for a number of different kinds of 1252 00:43:34,230 --> 00:43:31,119 digital ways of talking so for example 1253 00:43:37,510 --> 00:43:34,240 ft8 uses eight tones uh 1254 00:43:40,230 --> 00:43:37,520 jt65 uses 65 tones i think whisper uses 1255 00:43:41,990 --> 00:43:40,240 four but they're just uh audio modulated 1256 00:43:43,270 --> 00:43:42,000 tones and the reason for that is that 1257 00:43:45,349 --> 00:43:43,280 you can use the sound card in your 1258 00:43:47,670 --> 00:43:45,359 computer to decode all this stuff 1259 00:43:50,069 --> 00:43:47,680 uh you simply use the sound card plugged 1260 00:43:52,069 --> 00:43:50,079 into your receiver and some people who 1261 00:43:53,270 --> 00:43:52,079 don't have very fancy equipment actually 1262 00:43:54,630 --> 00:43:53,280 hold the microphone for their 1263 00:43:57,670 --> 00:43:54,640 transmitter up to the speaker in their 1264 00:43:59,750 --> 00:43:57,680 computer in order for it to work um you 1265 00:44:01,430 --> 00:43:59,760 know your baby crying and your cat 1266 00:44:03,430 --> 00:44:01,440 meowing will interfere with that but i 1267 00:44:05,349 --> 00:44:03,440 i've seen people doing it on youtube and 1268 00:44:07,910 --> 00:44:05,359 it works it's just kind of a pain 1269 00:44:09,270 --> 00:44:07,920 mine plugs into the computer but that's 1270 00:44:12,870 --> 00:44:09,280 why all these things are audio tone 1271 00:44:15,670 --> 00:44:14,470 uh 1272 00:44:17,430 --> 00:44:15,680 and what were the audio signals you 1273 00:44:19,750 --> 00:44:17,440 heard from mars a few days ago having a 1274 00:44:22,150 --> 00:44:19,760 clue uh 1275 00:44:25,270 --> 00:44:22,160 i i believe they were actually believed 1276 00:44:27,589 --> 00:44:25,280 to be martian wind over the microphone 1277 00:44:29,910 --> 00:44:27,599 ah okay now interesting thing you may 1278 00:44:31,910 --> 00:44:29,920 wonder how do singles get from mars to 1279 00:44:33,510 --> 00:44:31,920 here and the answer is for their video 1280 00:44:36,470 --> 00:44:33,520 and audio they're using very similar 1281 00:44:38,150 --> 00:44:36,480 kinds of algorithms uh in order to take 1282 00:44:39,510 --> 00:44:38,160 extremely weak signals and pick them up 1283 00:44:41,829 --> 00:44:39,520 and turn them into nice pictures and 1284 00:44:43,030 --> 00:44:41,839 sound down here so there's a lot of 1285 00:44:45,589 --> 00:44:43,040 people are doing this kind of signal 1286 00:44:47,030 --> 00:44:45,599 processing for all sorts of things uh 1287 00:44:48,550 --> 00:44:47,040 and this just happened to apply to 1288 00:44:52,230 --> 00:44:48,560 something that anybody can do with their 1289 00:44:57,270 --> 00:44:54,309 all right let's see i'm looking i don't 1290 00:44:59,190 --> 00:44:57,280 see any more questions or raised hands 1291 00:45:01,270 --> 00:44:59,200 just popped up 1292 00:45:03,510 --> 00:45:01,280 oh there you go 1293 00:45:05,670 --> 00:45:03,520 okay so does it have a limit on how low 1294 00:45:07,109 --> 00:45:05,680 the signal is with respect to the noise 1295 00:45:10,390 --> 00:45:07,119 yes uh 1296 00:45:13,190 --> 00:45:10,400 for whisper it's negative 31 db related 1297 00:45:15,670 --> 00:45:13,200 to the noise in uh 1298 00:45:16,870 --> 00:45:15,680 a band around the signal and for more 1299 00:45:18,790 --> 00:45:16,880 specifics you'd have to go to the 1300 00:45:20,309 --> 00:45:18,800 whisper site and see exactly how the 1301 00:45:22,390 --> 00:45:20,319 algorithm works 1302 00:45:23,750 --> 00:45:22,400 but uh they've got several different 1303 00:45:24,870 --> 00:45:23,760 kinds of signal processing with 1304 00:45:28,710 --> 00:45:24,880 different 1305 00:45:30,950 --> 00:45:28,720 noise thresholds but it's negative 31db 1306 00:45:32,710 --> 00:45:30,960 as far as the size signal no one even 1307 00:45:33,990 --> 00:45:32,720 knows a psi is a signal 1308 00:45:35,990 --> 00:45:34,000 that's one of the problems we really 1309 00:45:37,750 --> 00:45:36,000 don't know what's going on with psy 1310 00:45:39,349 --> 00:45:37,760 and how we'd apply the algorithm to it 1311 00:45:41,190 --> 00:45:39,359 so again york had an interesting 1312 00:45:43,190 --> 00:45:41,200 question that i have no good answer to 1313 00:45:44,470 --> 00:45:43,200 uh 1314 00:45:45,750 --> 00:45:44,480 you know it 1315 00:45:47,430 --> 00:45:45,760 it's something that no one really knows 1316 00:45:48,790 --> 00:45:47,440 but certainly trying some of these 1317 00:45:50,790 --> 00:45:48,800 signal processing things with these 1318 00:45:52,309 --> 00:45:50,800 sorts of weak signals that or 1319 00:45:54,309 --> 00:45:52,319 or roger nelson's random number 1320 00:45:56,150 --> 00:45:54,319 generators is certainly worth a shot and 1321 00:45:58,829 --> 00:45:56,160 see what what comes up there might be a 1322 00:46:05,829 --> 00:46:01,109 that terrific 1323 00:46:10,069 --> 00:46:08,309 questions 1324 00:46:12,390 --> 00:46:10,079 all right so um 1325 00:46:14,550 --> 00:46:12,400 thank you very much uh 1326 00:46:16,550 --> 00:46:14,560 for everyone give you a virtual round of